Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 9 de 9
Filter
1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(5): 501-504, oct. 2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844399

ABSTRACT

Parainfluenza virus infections (PIV) were evaluated in patients with mild and severe infections through real time PCR. One thousand and sixty-seven samples were collected from subjects as follows: 233 adult renal transplanted outpatients, 129 children with congenital heart disease, 381 with adult hematopoietic stem cell patients and 324 hospitalized patients suspected of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection. PIV was detected in 74 (6.9%) samples. VPI-3 was the most frequent (60.8%) and a higher risk was observed for older adults (p = 0.018) and for those who were hematopoietic stem cell transplanted. Further studies are needed to understand the VPI role in patients' at risk for developing serious illness.


Se evaluó la infección por virus parainfluenza (VPI) en pacientes con infecciones leves y graves mediante RPC en tiempo real. Se analizó un total de 1.067 muestras: 233 provenían de pacientes ambulatorios adultos receptores de trasplantes renales, 129 de niños con cardiopatía congénita, 381 de pacientes receptores de trasplantes de precursores hematopoyéticos adultos y 324 de pacientes hospitalizados con sospecha de influenza A (H1N1) pdm09. Se detectó VPI en 74 muestras (6,9%). Siendo VPI-3 el virus más frecuente (60,8%), se observó un mayor riesgo para los adultos mayores (p = 0,018) y para aquellos que fueron receptores de precursores hematopoyéticos. Son necesarios estudios adicionales para entender el papel del VPI en pacientes de riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Immunocompromised Host/immunology , Paramyxoviridae Infections/immunology , Seasons , Severity of Illness Index , Brazil , Paramyxoviridae/isolation & purification , Retrospective Studies , Paramyxoviridae Infections/virology , Tertiary Care Centers
2.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 33(2): 136-141, Apr-Jun/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-750789

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Adenoviruses play an important role in the etiology of severe acute lower respiratory infection, especially in young children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Human Adenovirus (HAdV) detection by different methods (Direct Fluorescence Assay DFA and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction nested PCR), among samples collected from different groups of pediatric patients. METHODS: Collection of samples was made in children with congenital heart disease (CHD 123 nasal aspirates collected in the years of 2005, 2007 and 2008) and in community children (CC 165 nasal aspirates collected in 2008). Children were eligible if they presented acute respiratory infection (ARI) of probable viral etiology, within up to 7 days of symptoms' onset. All studied samples were evaluated by DFA and nested PCR assay. RESULTS: Of the 290 samples included during the study period, 43 (14.8%) were positive on at least one test: 17/165 (10.3%) of the CC and 26/125 (20.8%) of the CHD children. The nested PCR detection rates in the community children were 15/165 (9.1%), and for children with CHD, 24/125 (19.2%). Molecular method showed higher detection rates when compared to the DFA test (p<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that children with congenital heart disease presented a significantly higher chance for acquiring the HAdV (Odds Ratio 2.3; 95% CI: 1.18-4.43). CONCLUSIONS: Based on data obtained in the present evaluation, we suggest that a routine surveillance should be performed in high risk patients by molecular methods, thus improving diagnostic flow and efficiency.


OBJETIVO: Os adenovírus desempenham um papel importante na etiologia da infecção aguda grave do trato respiratório inferior, especialmente entre crianças. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a detecção do adenovírus humano (HAdV) por diferentes métodos (imunofluorescência direta DFA e reação em cadeia da polimerase nested nested PCR) em amostras coletadas de diferentes populações de pacientes pediátricos. MÉTODOS: O material foi coletado de crianças portadoras de doença cardíaca congênita (DCC 123 aspirados nasais coletados em 2005, 2007 e 2008) e de crianças da comunidade (CC 165 aspirados nasais coletados em 2008). As crianças eram consideradas elegíveis se apresentassem infecção respiratória aguda (IRA) de provável etiologia viral, com até sete dias de início dos sintomas. Todas as amostras coletadas no estudo foram avaliadas por meio de DFA e nested PCR. RESULTADOS: De 209 amostras incluídas, 43 (14,8%) foram positivas em pelo menos um dos testes feitos: 17/165 (10,3%) das crianças da comunidade e 26/125 (20,8%) das crianças cardiopatas. As taxas de detecção por nested PCR foram 15/165 (9,1%) em crianças da comunidade e 24/125 (19,2%) em crianças cardiopatas. O método molecular mostrou maiores taxas de detecção quando comparado com a DFA (p<0,001). A análise univariada mostrou que as crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita apresentaram chance significativamente maior de adquirir HAdV (odds ratio 2,3; IC 95%: 1,18-4,43). CONCLUSÕES: Baseado nos resultados obtidos na presente avaliação, recomenda-se a vigilância de rotina em pacientes de risco (DCC) por métodos moleculares, que melhora o fluxo diagnóstico e a eficiência da detecção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adenovirus Infections, Human , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 45(3): 1113-1115, July-Sept. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-727046

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the presence of influenza virus among young children and the coverage of vaccination from 2010 to 2012 in São Paulo, Brazil. Our results demonstrated a lower rate of influenza detection and a predominance of influenza B. A decrease of coverage vaccination through the surveillance periods was observed.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Vaccination , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiological Monitoring , Influenza Vaccines/immunology , Influenza, Human/virology , Orthomyxoviridae/classification , Orthomyxoviridae/isolation & purification , Prevalence
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(2): 161-165, Mar-Apr/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-674638

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) play an important role in the etiology of severe acute lower respiratory infection, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The aim of the present study was detect the HAdV through different methods: direct fluorescence assay (DFA) and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR-nested) from patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) up to 7 days of symptoms onset. METHODS: Samples (n=643) were collected from different risk groups during from 2001 to 2010: 139 adults attended in an Emergency Room Patients (ERP); 205 health care workers (HCW); 69 from Renal Transplant Outpatients (RTO); 230 patients in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) program. RESULTS: Among all patients (n=643) adenovirus was detected on 13.2% by DFA and/or PCR: 6/139 (4.3%) adults from ERP, 7/205 (3.4%) from HCW samples, 4/69 (5.8%) from RTO and 68/230 (29.5%) from HSCT patients. Nested PCR showed higher detection (10%) compared to DFA test (3.8%) (p < 0.001). HSCT patients presented significantly higher prevalence of HAdV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Adenovirus detection through nested-PCR assay was higher. However the inclusion of molecular method in laboratorial routine diagnostic should be evaluated considering the reality of each specific health service. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adenovirus Infections, Human/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/immunology , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct , Immunocompetence , Immunocompromised Host , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology , Respiratory Tract Infections/virology
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(5): 563-566, Sept.-Oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656209

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Influenza A H1N1 2009 is associated with a high morbidity rate among children around the world, including Brazil. This survey was conducted on samples of symptomatic children (< 12 years) to investigate the influenza virus as the etiological agent of respiratory infections in a day care school in a health facility during the first and second pandemic wave of H1N1 (2009-2010) in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Influenza infections were determined by real-time PCR in 34% (47/137) of children with a median age of 5 years (8 months - 12 years), from June to October 2009 and in 16% (14/85) of those with median age of 6 years (1-12 years), from March to November 2010. RESULTS: In general, most positive cases (64%) occurred in children aged 5-12 years, this age group was significantly the most affected (39.8%, p = 0.001, OR = 8.3, CI 95% 1.9-36.9). Wheezing was reported by 31% (19/61) and dyspnea by 23% (14/61) of the studied patients. An outbreak of influenza H1N1 with an attack rate of 35.7% among children (median age 6 years) was documented in April 2010, before the vaccination campaign against the pandemic virus was extended for children up to 5 years in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the study reinforces the recommendation to immunize school children to reduce the incidence of the disease.


INTRODUÇÃO: Influenza A H1N1 2009 está associado com uma alta taxa de morbidade entre crianças ao redor do mundo, incluindo o Brasil. Esta pesquisa foi realizada em amostras de crianças sintomáticas (< 12 anos) em uma creche escola para filhos de funcionários do hospital durante a primeira e segunda onda pandêmica (2009-2010) em São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Infecções pelo vírus influenza foram determinadas por PCR em tempo real em 34% (47/137) em crianças com idade mediana de 5 anos (8 meses -12 anos), entre junho e outubro de 2009 e em 16% (14/85) daquelas com mediana de idade de 6 anos (1-12 anos), de março a novembro de 2010. RESULTADOS: Em geral, a maioria dos casos positivos (64%) ocorreu em crianças com idade entre 5-12 anos, esta faixa etária foi significativamente a mais afetada (39,8%, p = 0,001, OR = 8,3, CI 95%: 1,9-36,9). Chiado foi relatado em 31% (19/61) e dispnéia em 23% (14/61) dos pacientes estudados. Um surto de gripe H1N1 com uma taxa de ataque de 35,7% entre as crianças (mediana de idade de 6 anos) foi documentado em abril de 2010, antes da extensão da campanha de vacinação contra o vírus pandêmico para crianças até 5 anos no Brasil. CONCLUSÕES: Portanto, neste estudo reforça a recomendação para imunizar crianças em idade escolar para reduzir a incidência da doença.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Pandemics , Brazil/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology , Schools , Sentinel Surveillance
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(5): 655-658, set.-out. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-604393

ABSTRACT

Em 2010, 96 pacientes com suspeita de infecção por influenza A (H1N1) foram hospitalizados no Hospital São Paulo, na cidade de São Paulo (SP). Desses, 4 pacientes (4,2 por cento) foram diagnosticados com influenza A - 3 com influenza A (H1N1) e 1 com influenza sazonal - e 2 pacientes (2,1 por cento) foram diagnosticados com influenza B. A maioria dos casos suspeitos (63,5 por cento) e metade dos casos positivos ocorreram em crianças. A segunda onda de influenza A (H1N1) foi mais fraca em São Paulo. A vacinação pode ter contribuído para a redução das internações devido a essa infecção em 2010.


In 2010, 96 patients suspected of being infected with the influenza A (H1N1) virus were hospitalized at the Hospital São Paulo, located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Of those 96 patients, 4 (4.2 percent) were found to be infected with influenza A virus-3 with influenza A (H1N1) and 1 with seasonal influenza A-and 2 patients (2.1 percent) were found to be infected with influenza B virus. Most (63.5 percent) of the suspected cases occurred in children, as did half of the positive cases. The second wave of influenza A (H1N1) infection was weaker in São Paulo. The decrease in the number of hospitalizations for H1N1 infection in 2010 might be attributable to vaccination.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/classification , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Sentinel Surveillance , Time Factors , Vaccination/standards
7.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 15(3): 220-224, May-June 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-589952

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: During the first pandemic wave of the influenza A H1N1 2009 virus, morbidity was particularly high in Brazil. Hospitalizations resulting from severe respiratory disease due to suspected influenza-like illness created an opportunity to identify other respiratory viruses causing lower respiratory infections. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess viral etiologies among samples collected during the first pandemic wave of H1N1 2009 from hospitalized patients with suspected cases in a Brazilian Sentinel Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Viral etiologies were investigated in samples from 98 children and 61 adults with fever, cough and dyspnea who were admitted to São Paulo Sentinel Hospital with suspected H1N1 infection. RESULTS: From August to November 2009, in 19.5 percent (31/159) of the samples 2009 H1N1 virus was detected with 23 percent (14/61) in adults (median age 25 years, range: 14-55 years) and 18.4 percent (17/92) in children (median age 5 years, range: 4 months - 11 years). Among the negative samples, a wide range of causative etiologic agents was identified. Human rhinovirus was the most frequent virus (23.91 percent) in children and human metapneumovirus (11.48 percent) was the second most frequent in adults, following 2009 H1N1 virus (22.95 percent). CONCLUSION: These data highlight the need to diagnose other viral infections that can co-circulate with influenza and may have been neglected by physicians as causes of severe respiratory diseases.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/virology , Pandemics/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Tract Infections/virology , Sentinel Surveillance , Brazil/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology
8.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 18(4): 14-19, Oct.-Dec. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-606800

ABSTRACT

Neospora caninum, a cause of abortion and stillbirth in cattle, was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and nested-PCR, using primers from the Nc5 region of the genomic DNA (PCR PLUS) and primers from the ITS1 region of the ribosomal DNA (PCR JB). A total of 105 fetal samples sent to the Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Animal do Instituto Biológico from January 2006 to May 2008 were examined for evidence of N. caninum. Histological examination revealed 71.4 percent with non-suppurative inflammation in the heart, lung, liver, kidney, placenta, and brain. Immunohistochemistry detected infections in 8.6 percent of the samples, mainly in the brain, placenta, and heart. Nested-PCR JB revealed 6.7 percent with infections, while nested-PCR PLUS returned 20.9 percent positive results, mainly in brain and placenta, and in the pooled liver and heart. Kappa statistics demonstrated little agreement among the three techniques. The three methods are complementary, since they have distinct diagnostic characteristics and were combined to give a positivity rate of 24.8 percent.


Pesquisou-se Neospora caninum como causador de abortamento e natimortalidade em bovinos, por meio de exame histopatológico (hematoxilina-eosina), imunoistoquímica (IHQ) e nested-PCR, utilizando primers da região Nc5 do DNA genômico (PCR PLUS) e primers da região ITS1 do DNA ribossomal (PCR JB). Foram avaliadas 105 amostras de abortamento bovino entre janeiro de 2006 a maio de 2008, encaminhadas ao Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Animal do Instituto Biológico para diagnóstico diferencial de causas infecciosas. Observou-se em 71,4 por cento das amostras lesões histológicas (HE) caracterizadas pela presença de células inflamatórias mononucleares no coração, pulmão, fígado, rim, placenta e cérebro. A IHQ detectou 8,57 por cento de positividade, sendo maior no cérebro, placenta e coração. A nested-PCR JB revelou 6,66 por cento de casos positivos, enquanto que a nested-PCR PLUS apresentou maior taxa de positividade (20,95 por cento), principalmente no cérebro, placenta e no pool fígado/coração. Houve baixo grau de concordância entre as três técnicas pelo índice kappa. A taxa de positividade para qualquer uma das técnicas (IHQ, nested-PCR PLUS e nested-PCR JB) foi de 24,8 por cento, devendo ser consideradas conjuntamente pelo fato de possuírem características distintas e serem, portanto, complementares no diagnóstico definitivo da neosporose.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Fetal Diseases/veterinary , Neospora , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Coccidiosis/diagnosis , Fetal Diseases/diagnosis , Immunohistochemistry
9.
Curitiba; s.n; 2000. 31 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-285054

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de aperfeiçoamento para o pessoal de enfermagem lotado no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Luz. A referida proposta é resultado de um diagnóstico que inclui aspectos derivados da experiência, concvivência, percepçäo e de um questionário aplicado junto à equipe de enfermagem para o levantamento das necessidades de aperfeiçoamento desta equipe. O suporte teórico que embasou esta proposta foram a teoria de Hildegard E. Peplau e a teoria interacionista de Vygostsky. As principais necessidades de aperfeiçoamento que foram levantadas säo: transtornos psiquiátricos, medicaçöes psicotrópicas, outros. Frente a esse levantamento e com base nos pressupostos teóricos foi elaborada uma proposta de aperfeiçoamento com seu respectivo conteúdo e estratégias


Subject(s)
Psychiatric Nursing/education , Health Personnel/education , Education, Nursing, Continuing/classification , History of Nursing , Interpersonal Relations
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL